Attributions

Attributions

 

Collection: Macroeconomics
Edited by: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/col11626/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Based on: Principles of Economics <http://cnx.org/content/col11613/1.2> arranged by OpenStax College.

 

Module: Preface
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m49460/1.3/
Copyright: OpenStax College
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48590/1.8/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: What Is Economics, and Why Is It Important?
Used here as: What Economics Is and Why It’s Important
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48591/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48592/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Economists Use Theories and Models to Understand Economic Issues
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48593/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Economies Can Be Organized: An Overview of Economic Systems
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48594/1.8/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Choice in a World of Scarcity
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48602/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Individuals Make Choices Based on Their Budget Constraint
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48605/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Production Possibilities Frontier and Social Choices
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48607/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Confronting Objections to the Economic Approach
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48608/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Demand and Supply
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48628/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Demand, Supply, and Equilibrium in Markets for Goods and Services
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48629/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Shifts in Demand and Supply for Goods and Services
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48630/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Changes in Equilibrium Price and Quantity: The Four-Step Process
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48631/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Price Ceilings and Price Floors
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48632/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Labor and Financial Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48636/1.7/
Copyright: OpenStax College and Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Demand and Supply at Work in Labor Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48637/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Demand and Supply in Financial Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48638/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Market System as an Efficient Mechanism for Information
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48639/1.8/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to the Macroeconomic Perspective
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48705/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Measuring the Size of the Economy: Gross Domestic Product
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48708/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Adjusting Nominal Values to Real Values
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48709/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Tracking Real GDP over Time
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48710/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Comparing GDP among Countries
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48711/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: How Well GDP Measures the Well-Being of Society
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48712/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Economic Growth
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48713/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Relatively Recent Arrival of Economic Growth
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48714/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Labor Productivity and Economic Growth
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48715/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Components of Economic Growth
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48716/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Economic Convergence
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48718/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Unemployment
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48719/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How the Unemployment Rate is Defined and Computed
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48720/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Patterns of Unemployment
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48721/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: What Causes Changes in Unemployment over the Short Run
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48722/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: What Causes Changes in Unemployment over the Long Run
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48723/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Inflation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48724/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Tracking Inflation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48725/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Changes in the Cost of Living are Measured
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48726/1.2/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How the U.S. and Other Countries Experience Inflation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48727/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Confusion Over Inflation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48729/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Indexing and Its Limitations
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48730/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to the International Trade and Capital Flows
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48731/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Measuring Trade Balances
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48732/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Trade Balances in Historical and International Context
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48733/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Trade Balances and Flows of Financial Capital
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48734/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: The National Saving and Investment Identity
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48736/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: The Pros and Cons of Trade Deficits and Surpluses
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48737/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Difference between Level of Trade and the Trade Balance
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48738/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to the Aggregate Supply–Aggregate Demand Model
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48739/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Macroeconomic Perspectives on Demand and Supply
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48740/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Building a Model of Aggregate Supply and Aggregate Demand
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48741/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Shifts in Aggregate Supply
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48742/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Shifts in Aggregate Demand
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48745/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How the AS–AD Model Incorporates Growth, Unemployment, and Inflation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48747/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Keynes’ Law and Say’s Law in the AS–AD Model
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48748/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Introduction to the Keynesian Perspective
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48749/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Aggregate Demand in Keynesian Analysis
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48750/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Building Blocks of Keynesian Analysis
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48751/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Phillips Curve
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48753/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Keynesian Perspective on Market Forces
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48754/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to the Neoclassical Perspective
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48756/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Building Blocks of Neoclassical Analysis
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48758/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Policy Implications of the Neoclassical Perspective
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48759/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Balancing Keynesian and Neoclassical Models
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48760/1.2/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Money and Banking
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48761/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Defining Money by Its Functions
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48762/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Measuring Money: Currency, M1, and M2
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48763/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Role of Banks
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48766/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Banks Create Money
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48767/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Monetary Policy and Bank Regulation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48768/1.3/
Copyright: OpenStax College
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Federal Reserve Banking System and Central Banks
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48770/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Bank Regulation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48771/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How a Central Bank Executes Monetary Policy
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48772/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Monetary Policy and Economic Outcomes
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48773/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Pitfalls for Monetary Policy
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48774/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Exchange Rates and International Capital Flows
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48776/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How the Foreign Exchange Market Works
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48784/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Demand and Supply Shifts in Foreign Exchange Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48785/1.2/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Macroeconomic Effects of Exchange Rates
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48788/1.2/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Exchange Rate Policies
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48790/1.2/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Government Budgets and Fiscal Policy
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48791/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Government Spending
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48792/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Taxation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48793/1.2/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Federal Deficits and the National Debt
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48794/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Using Fiscal Policy to Fight Recession, Unemployment, and Inflation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48795/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Automatic Stabilizers
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48797/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Practical Problems with Discretionary Fiscal Policy
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48798/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Question of a Balanced Budget
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48799/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Introduction to the Impacts of Government Borrowing
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48800/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Government Borrowing Affects Investment and the Trade Balance
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48802/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Fiscal Policy, Investment, and Economic Growth
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48807/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Government Borrowing Affects Private Saving
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48808/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Fiscal Policy and the Trade Balance
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48809/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Macroeconomic Policy around the World
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48811/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Diversity of Countries and Economies across the World
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48812/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Improving Countries’ Standards of Living
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48813/1.9/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Causes of Unemployment around the World
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48814/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Causes of Inflation in Various Countries and Regions
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48815/1.2/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Balance of Trade Concerns
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48816/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to International Trade
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48818/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Absolute and Comparative Advantage
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48819/1.8/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: What Happens When a Country Has an Absolute Advantage in All Goods
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48820/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Intra-industry Trade between Similar Economies
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48822/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Benefits of Reducing Barriers to International Trade
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48823/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Globalization and Protectionism
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48824/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Protectionism: An Indirect Subsidy from Consumers to Producers
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48825/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: International Trade and Its Effects on Jobs, Wages, and Working Conditions
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48827/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Arguments in Support of Restricting Imports
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48828/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Trade Policy Is Enacted: Globally, Regionally, and Nationally
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48829/1.2/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: The Tradeoffs of Trade Policy
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48830/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Use of Mathematics in Principles of Economics
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48831/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Demand, Supply, and Efficiency
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48832/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Expenditure-Output Model
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48835/1.8/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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