Attributions

Microeconomics

Except where expressly noted otherwise, the contents of this course are based on materials published by OpenStax College. These materials were originally published freely under a Creative Commons Attribution License (you can review the license at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). The original version of the materials as published by OpenStax College may be accessed for free at http://cnx.org/content/col11613/1.2.

Collection edited by: OpenStax College
Content authors: OpenStax College and OpenStax College
Based on: Principles of Economics <http://cnx.org/content/col11613/1.2>.
Online: <http://cnx.org/content/col11627/1.5>
Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Attributions

Cover: CC-BY 2.0 Tile pattern by Lauren Manning http://www.flickr.com/photos/laurenmanning/2318922360

Collection: Microeconomics
Edited by: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/col11627/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Based on: Principles of Economics <http://cnx.org/content/col11613/1.2> arranged by OpenStax College.

 

Module: Preface
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m49463/1.2/
Copyright: OpenStax College
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48590/1.8/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: What Is Economics, and Why Is It Important?
Used here as: What Economics Is and Why It’s Important
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48591/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48592/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Economists Use Theories and Models to Understand Economic Issues
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48593/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Economies Can Be Organized: An Overview of Economic Systems
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48594/1.9/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Choice in a World of Scarcity
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48602/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Individuals Make Choices Based on Their Budget Constraint
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48605/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Production Possibilities Frontier and Social Choices
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48607/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Confronting Objections to the Economic Approach
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48608/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Demand and Supply
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48628/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Demand, Supply, and Equilibrium in Markets for Goods and Services
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48629/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Shifts in Demand and Supply for Goods and Services
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48630/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Changes in Equilibrium Price and Quantity: The Four-Step Process
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48631/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Price Ceilings and Price Floors
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48632/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Labor and Financial Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48636/1.7/
Copyright: OpenStax College and Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Demand and Supply at Work in Labor Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48637/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Demand and Supply in Financial Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48638/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Market System as an Efficient Mechanism for Information
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48639/1.8/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Elasticity
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48611/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Price Elasticity of Demand and Price Elasticity of Supply
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48614/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Polar Cases of Elasticity and Constant Elasticity
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48616/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Elasticity and Pricing
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48618/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Elasticity in Areas Other Than Price
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48619/1.10/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Consumer Choices
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48640/1.8/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Consumption Choices
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48641/1.9/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Changes in Income and Prices Affect Consumption Choices
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48642/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Labor-Leisure Choices
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48643/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Intertemporal Choices in Financial Capital Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48644/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Cost and Industry Structure
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48620/1.8/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Explicit and Implicit Costs, and Accounting and Economic Profit
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48621/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Structure of Costs in the Short Run
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48625/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Structure of Costs in the Long Run
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48626/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Perfect Competition
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48645/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Perfect Competition and Why It Matters
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48646/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: How Perfectly Competitive Firms Make Output Decisions
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48647/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Entry and Exit Decisions in the Long Run
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48648/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Efficiency in Perfectly Competitive Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48649/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to a Monopoly
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48650/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Monopolies Form: Barriers to Entry
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48651/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How a Profit-Maximizing Monopoly Chooses Output and Price
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48652/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Monopolistic Competition and Oligopoly
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48658/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Monopolistic Competition
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48659/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Oligopoly
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48660/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Monopoly and Antitrust Policy
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48661/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Corporate Mergers
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48662/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Regulating Anticompetitive Behavior
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48663/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Regulating Natural Monopolies
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48666/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Great Deregulation Experiment
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48667/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Environmental Protection and Negative Externalities
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48668/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Economics of Pollution
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48669/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Command-and-Control Regulation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48670/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Market-Oriented Environmental Tools
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48671/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Benefits and Costs of U.S. Environmental Laws
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48672/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: International Environmental Issues
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48673/1.9/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Tradeoff between Economic Output and Environmental Protection
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48674/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Positive Externalities and Public Goods
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48675/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Why the Private Sector Under Invests in Innovation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48676/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Governments Can Encourage Innovation
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48678/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Public Goods
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48680/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Poverty and Economic Inequality
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48681/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Drawing the Poverty Line
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48683/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Poverty Trap
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48684/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Safety Net
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48685/1.2/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Income Inequality: Measurement and Causes
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48686/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Government Policies to Reduce Income Inequality
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48687/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Issues in Labor Markets: Unions, Discrimination, Immigration
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48689/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Unions
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48691/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Employment Discrimination
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48692/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Immigration
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48693/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Information, Risk, and Insurance
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48694/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Problem of Imperfect Information and Asymmetric Information
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48695/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Insurance and Imperfect Information
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48696/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Financial Markets
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48697/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Businesses Raise Financial Capital
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48698/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How Households Supply Financial Capital
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48699/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: How to Accumulate Personal Wealth
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48700/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Introduction to Public Choice
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48701/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Voter Participation and Costs of Elections
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48702/1.3/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Special Interest Politics
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48703/1.4/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Flaws in the Democratic System of Government
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48704/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: The Use of Mathematics in Principles of Economics
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48831/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Demand, Supply, and Efficiency
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48832/1.7/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

 

Module: Indifference Curves
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48833/1.6/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

 

Module: Present Discounted Value
By: OpenStax College
URL: http://cnx.org/content/m48834/1.5/
Copyright: Rice University
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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