{"id":311,"date":"2025-05-11T02:32:28","date_gmt":"2025-05-11T02:32:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/?post_type=chapter&p=311"},"modified":"2025-07-11T20:11:12","modified_gmt":"2025-07-11T20:11:12","slug":"getting-started-in-public-speaking","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/chapter\/getting-started-in-public-speaking\/","title":{"raw":"Getting Started in Public Speaking","rendered":"Getting Started in Public Speaking"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n\r\nTo finish this first chapter, let\u2019s close with some foundational principles about public speaking, which apply no matter the context, audience, topic, or purpose.\r\n

Timing is everything<\/h2>\r\nWe often hear this about acting or humor. In this case, it has to do with keeping within the time limits. As mentioned before, you can only know that you are within time limits by practicing and timing yourself; being within time limits also shows preparation and forethought. More importantly, being on time (or early) for the presentation and within time limits shows respect for your audience.\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

Public speaking requires muscle memory<\/h2>\r\nIf you have ever learned a new sport, especially in your teen or adult years, you know that you must consciously put your body through some training to get your body used to the physical activity of the sport. An example is golf. A golf swing, unlike swinging a baseball bat, is not a natural movement and re- quires a great deal of practice, over and over, to get right. Pick up any golf magazine and there will be at least one article on \u201cperfecting the swing.\u201d In fact, when done incorrectly, the swing can cause severe back and knee problems over time (Duvall, 2019).\r\n\r\nPublic speaking is a physical activity as well. You are standing and sometimes moving around; your voice, eye contact, face, and hands are involved. You will expend physical energy, and after the speech, you may be tired. Even more, your audience\u2019s understanding and acceptance of your message may depend somewhat on how energetic, controlled, and fluid your physical delivery. Your credibility as a speaker hinges to some extent on these matters. Consequently, learning public speaking means you must train your body to be comfortable in front of an audience and to move in predictable and effective ways.\r\n

Public speaking involves a content and relationship dimension<\/h2>\r\nYou may have heard the old saying, \u201cPeople don\u2019t care how much you know until they know how much you care.\u201d According to Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson (1967), all human communication has two elements going on at the same time: content and relationship. There are statements about ideas, facts, and information, and there are messages communicated about the relationship between the communication partners, past and present. These relationship messages have to do with trust, respect, and credibility and are conveyed through evidence, appeals, wording (and what the speaker does not say) as well as nonverbal communication.\r\n\r\nThat said, public speaking is not a good way to provide a lot of facts and data to your audience. In fact, there are limits to how much information you can pile on your audience before listening is too difficult for them.\r\n\r\nHowever, public speaking is a good way to make the information meaningful for your audience. You can use a search engine with the term \u201cDeath by PowerPoint\u201d and find lots of humorous, and too true, cartoons of audiences overwhelmed by charts, graphs, and slides full of text. In this case, less is more. This \u201cless is more\u201d principle will be re-emphasized throughout this textbook.\r\n

Emulation is the sincerest form of flattery<\/h2>\r\nLearn from those who do public speaking well, but find what works best for you. Emulation is not imitation or copying someone; it is following a general model. Notice what other speakers do well in a speech and try to incorporate those strategies. An example is humor. Some of us excel at using humor, or some types of it. Some of us do not, or do not believe we do, no matter how hard we try. In that case, you may have to find other strengths to become an effective speaker.<\/span>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n
\r\n

Know your strengths and weaknesses<\/h2>\r\nReliable personality inventories, such as the Myers Briggs or the Gallup StrengthsQuest tests, can be helpful in knowing your strengths and weaknesses. One such area is whether you are an extrovert or an introvert. Intro- verts, estimated by one source as up to 50% of the population (Buettner, 2012), get their psychological energy from being alone while extroverts tend to get it from being around others. This is a very basic distinction and there is more to the two categories, but you can see how an extravert may have an advantage with public speaking. However, the extroverts may be tempted not to prepare and practice as much because they have so much fun in front of an audience, while the introverts may overprepare but still feel uncomfortable. Your public speaking abilities will benefit from increased self-awareness about such characteristics and your strengths. (For an online self-inventory about introversion and extraversion, go to The Introvert Test<\/a>)<\/a>\r\n

Remember the power of story<\/h2>\r\nStories and storytelling, in the form of anecdotes and narrative illustrations, are your most powerful tools as a public speaker. For better or worse, audiences are likely to remember anecdotes and narratives long after a speech\u2019s statistics are forgotten. Your instructor may assign you to do a personal narrative speech or require you to write an introduction or conclusion for one of your speeches that includes a story. This does not mean that other types of proof are unimportant and that you just want to tell stories in your speech, but human beings love stories and often will walk away from a speech moved by or remembering a powerful story or example more than anything.\r\n\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
\n

To finish this first chapter, let\u2019s close with some foundational principles about public speaking, which apply no matter the context, audience, topic, or purpose.<\/p>\n

Timing is everything<\/h2>\n

We often hear this about acting or humor. In this case, it has to do with keeping within the time limits. As mentioned before, you can only know that you are within time limits by practicing and timing yourself; being within time limits also shows preparation and forethought. More importantly, being on time (or early) for the presentation and within time limits shows respect for your audience.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Public speaking requires muscle memory<\/h2>\n

If you have ever learned a new sport, especially in your teen or adult years, you know that you must consciously put your body through some training to get your body used to the physical activity of the sport. An example is golf. A golf swing, unlike swinging a baseball bat, is not a natural movement and re- quires a great deal of practice, over and over, to get right. Pick up any golf magazine and there will be at least one article on \u201cperfecting the swing.\u201d In fact, when done incorrectly, the swing can cause severe back and knee problems over time (Duvall, 2019).<\/p>\n

Public speaking is a physical activity as well. You are standing and sometimes moving around; your voice, eye contact, face, and hands are involved. You will expend physical energy, and after the speech, you may be tired. Even more, your audience\u2019s understanding and acceptance of your message may depend somewhat on how energetic, controlled, and fluid your physical delivery. Your credibility as a speaker hinges to some extent on these matters. Consequently, learning public speaking means you must train your body to be comfortable in front of an audience and to move in predictable and effective ways.<\/p>\n

Public speaking involves a content and relationship dimension<\/h2>\n

You may have heard the old saying, \u201cPeople don\u2019t care how much you know until they know how much you care.\u201d According to Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson (1967), all human communication has two elements going on at the same time: content and relationship. There are statements about ideas, facts, and information, and there are messages communicated about the relationship between the communication partners, past and present. These relationship messages have to do with trust, respect, and credibility and are conveyed through evidence, appeals, wording (and what the speaker does not say) as well as nonverbal communication.<\/p>\n

That said, public speaking is not a good way to provide a lot of facts and data to your audience. In fact, there are limits to how much information you can pile on your audience before listening is too difficult for them.<\/p>\n

However, public speaking is a good way to make the information meaningful for your audience. You can use a search engine with the term \u201cDeath by PowerPoint\u201d and find lots of humorous, and too true, cartoons of audiences overwhelmed by charts, graphs, and slides full of text. In this case, less is more. This \u201cless is more\u201d principle will be re-emphasized throughout this textbook.<\/p>\n

Emulation is the sincerest form of flattery<\/h2>\n

Learn from those who do public speaking well, but find what works best for you. Emulation is not imitation or copying someone; it is following a general model. Notice what other speakers do well in a speech and try to incorporate those strategies. An example is humor. Some of us excel at using humor, or some types of it. Some of us do not, or do not believe we do, no matter how hard we try. In that case, you may have to find other strengths to become an effective speaker.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

Know your strengths and weaknesses<\/h2>\n

Reliable personality inventories, such as the Myers Briggs or the Gallup StrengthsQuest tests, can be helpful in knowing your strengths and weaknesses. One such area is whether you are an extrovert or an introvert. Intro- verts, estimated by one source as up to 50% of the population (Buettner, 2012), get their psychological energy from being alone while extroverts tend to get it from being around others. This is a very basic distinction and there is more to the two categories, but you can see how an extravert may have an advantage with public speaking. However, the extroverts may be tempted not to prepare and practice as much because they have so much fun in front of an audience, while the introverts may overprepare but still feel uncomfortable. Your public speaking abilities will benefit from increased self-awareness about such characteristics and your strengths. (For an online self-inventory about introversion and extraversion, go to The Introvert Test<\/a>)<\/a><\/p>\n

Remember the power of story<\/h2>\n

Stories and storytelling, in the form of anecdotes and narrative illustrations, are your most powerful tools as a public speaker. For better or worse, audiences are likely to remember anecdotes and narratives long after a speech\u2019s statistics are forgotten. Your instructor may assign you to do a personal narrative speech or require you to write an introduction or conclusion for one of your speeches that includes a story. This does not mean that other types of proof are unimportant and that you just want to tell stories in your speech, but human beings love stories and often will walk away from a speech moved by or remembering a powerful story or example more than anything.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":133,"menu_order":5,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-311","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":281,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/311","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/133"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/311\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":772,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/311\/revisions\/772"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/281"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/311\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=311"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=311"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=311"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppsccom1150publicspeaking\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=311"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}