{"id":66,"date":"2022-04-28T19:12:15","date_gmt":"2022-04-28T19:12:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/?post_type=chapter&#038;p=66"},"modified":"2022-05-04T21:52:45","modified_gmt":"2022-05-04T21:52:45","slug":"argument","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/chapter\/argument\/","title":{"raw":"Argument","rendered":"Argument"},"content":{"raw":"provided by Elizabeth Burrows; Angela Fowler; Heath Fowler; and Amy Locklear\r\n\r\nNow that you have learned and practiced with rhetorical tools to analyze and evaluate arguments, you are now ready to create your own argument about a topic. Note that this will not be a \u201cformal\u201d researched argument \u2013 that\u2019s the realm of English Composition II. However, this project will prepare you by asking you to analyze your own views on an issue, then craft an argument that might sway an audience on that issue.\r\n\r\nThe purpose of this assignment is for you to reflect on and apply your newly gained understanding of composing strategies, genre, audience, and rhetorical situation to create an argument for a public source. Crafting an argument in this way prepares you to write an argument in any context, not just academic. This is not a research essay \u2013 you will be using your own knowledge, observations, and experiences.\r\n\r\nAside from reflecting carefully on your own stance within the argument, you will need to reflect back on the rhetorical tools we have been cultivating, to create an audience-centered argument. As you compose, you will need to continually consider how you can best persuade your audience to consider (or perhaps even agree with) your views.\r\n<div class=\"wp-nocaption size-medium wp-image-2132 aligncenter\"><img class=\"size-medium wp-image-2132 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.com\/app\/uploads\/sites\/108885\/2018\/11\/Divider321x78-300x73.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"73\" \/><\/div>\r\n<div>\r\n\r\n[embed]https:\/\/youtu.be\/tAmgEa1B1vI[\/embed]\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n<h1 class=\"entry-title\"><a id=\"hand\"><\/a>Handout: How to Make an Effective Argument<\/h1>\r\nprovided by Lumen Learning\r\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Think through the issue.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">What\u2019s the problem?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">Who\u2019s involved?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">What\u2019s at stake for the people involved?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">Have other people examined the problem? What solutions have they come up with?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">Are those solutions valid or not in the situation you are involved in? Why or why not? Are you taking an objective (arm\u2019s length) view of the problem or are you taking it personally and subjectively?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Think about what life would be like for you and the people involved in this problem if it didn\u2019t exist.<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">What do you think could and should be done to solve the problem?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">Who else has worked to solve the problem?<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Have their solutions been effective or not? How? Why? Could you use their solutions in your own situation?<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Who should you be talking to about this problem?<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">Reflect again on the\u00a0<strong><em>stakeholders<\/em><\/strong>. Get a clear picture of them.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">How can you use the arguments that others have made to solve the problem that you\u2019re seeing? What\u2019s the good stuff from them that you can use solve the problem?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">What will those stakeholders respect? What authorities will they listen to?<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">Focus on who you\u2019re arguing with and use sources appropriate to your audience.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p class=\"p1\">What kind of credible,\u00a0<em><strong>authoritative sources<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>should you use?<\/p>\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">Ivy Tech Library databases: keyword search, limit to the last five years, full-text published articles authored by credible writers who are knowledgeable in their field. Articles should have references.<\/li>\r\n \t<li class=\"li1\">Online databases: must be published in reputable newspapers or professional journals. Articles must be authored by credible writers who are knowledgeable in their field. Articles should have references.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><\/div>\r\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\r\n\r\n<strong>Licenses and Attributions<\/strong>\r\n\r\nCC LICENSED CONTENT, ORIGINAL\r\n\r\n<em>Composing Ourselves and Our World,\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0Provided by: the authors. License:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)<\/a>\r\n\r\nCC LICENSED CONTENT INCLUDED\r\n\r\nThis chapter contains an\u00a0adaptation from\u00a0<a title=\"English 111\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-engl111\/chapter\/handout-how-to-make-an-effective-argument\/\" rel=\"home\">English 111<\/a>\u00a0by Lumen Learning. License:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License<\/a>\r\n\r\nMULTIMEDIA CONTENT INCLUDED\r\n<ul>\r\n \t<li>Video 1:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=tAmgEa1B1vI\">How to Write a Good Argumentative Essay: Logical Structure\u00a0<\/a>by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCFLCAm7HCyw6DEY9jvOMTvA\">Kevin deLaplante<\/a>.\u00a0Licensed:\u00a0Standard YouTube License.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"<p>provided by Elizabeth Burrows; Angela Fowler; Heath Fowler; and Amy Locklear<\/p>\n<p>Now that you have learned and practiced with rhetorical tools to analyze and evaluate arguments, you are now ready to create your own argument about a topic. Note that this will not be a \u201cformal\u201d researched argument \u2013 that\u2019s the realm of English Composition II. However, this project will prepare you by asking you to analyze your own views on an issue, then craft an argument that might sway an audience on that issue.<\/p>\n<p>The purpose of this assignment is for you to reflect on and apply your newly gained understanding of composing strategies, genre, audience, and rhetorical situation to create an argument for a public source. Crafting an argument in this way prepares you to write an argument in any context, not just academic. This is not a research essay \u2013 you will be using your own knowledge, observations, and experiences.<\/p>\n<p>Aside from reflecting carefully on your own stance within the argument, you will need to reflect back on the rhetorical tools we have been cultivating, to create an audience-centered argument. As you compose, you will need to continually consider how you can best persuade your audience to consider (or perhaps even agree with) your views.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-nocaption size-medium wp-image-2132 aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2132 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.com\/app\/uploads\/sites\/108885\/2018\/11\/Divider321x78-300x73.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"73\" \/><\/div>\n<div>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"oembed-1\" title=\"How to Write a Good Argumentative Essay: Logical Structure\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/tAmgEa1B1vI?feature=oembed&#38;rel=0&#38;rel=0\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h1 class=\"entry-title\"><a id=\"hand\"><\/a>Handout: How to Make an Effective Argument<\/h1>\n<p>provided by Lumen Learning<\/p>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Think through the issue.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li1\">What\u2019s the problem?<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">Who\u2019s involved?<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">What\u2019s at stake for the people involved?<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">Have other people examined the problem? What solutions have they come up with?<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">Are those solutions valid or not in the situation you are involved in? Why or why not? Are you taking an objective (arm\u2019s length) view of the problem or are you taking it personally and subjectively?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Think about what life would be like for you and the people involved in this problem if it didn\u2019t exist.<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li1\">What do you think could and should be done to solve the problem?<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">Who else has worked to solve the problem?<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Have their solutions been effective or not? How? Why? Could you use their solutions in your own situation?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\"><strong>Who should you be talking to about this problem?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li1\">Reflect again on the\u00a0<strong><em>stakeholders<\/em><\/strong>. Get a clear picture of them.<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">How can you use the arguments that others have made to solve the problem that you\u2019re seeing? What\u2019s the good stuff from them that you can use solve the problem?<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">What will those stakeholders respect? What authorities will they listen to?<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">Focus on who you\u2019re arguing with and use sources appropriate to your audience.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"p1\">What kind of credible,\u00a0<em><strong>authoritative sources<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>should you use?<\/p>\n<ul class=\"ul1\">\n<li class=\"li1\">Ivy Tech Library databases: keyword search, limit to the last five years, full-text published articles authored by credible writers who are knowledgeable in their field. Articles should have references.<\/li>\n<li class=\"li1\">Online databases: must be published in reputable newspapers or professional journals. Articles must be authored by credible writers who are knowledgeable in their field. Articles should have references.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"textbox shaded\">\n<p><strong>Licenses and Attributions<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CC LICENSED CONTENT, ORIGINAL<\/p>\n<p><em>Composing Ourselves and Our World,\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0Provided by: the authors. License:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>CC LICENSED CONTENT INCLUDED<\/p>\n<p>This chapter contains an\u00a0adaptation from\u00a0<a title=\"English 111\" href=\"https:\/\/courses.lumenlearning.com\/ivytech-engl111\/chapter\/handout-how-to-make-an-effective-argument\/\" rel=\"home\">English 111<\/a>\u00a0by Lumen Learning. License:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" rel=\"license\">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License<\/a><\/p>\n<p>MULTIMEDIA CONTENT INCLUDED<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Video 1:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=tAmgEa1B1vI\">How to Write a Good Argumentative Essay: Logical Structure\u00a0<\/a>by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCFLCAm7HCyw6DEY9jvOMTvA\">Kevin deLaplante<\/a>.\u00a0Licensed:\u00a0Standard YouTube License.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":65,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-66","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":65,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/66","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/65"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/66\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":129,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/66\/revisions\/129"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/65"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/66\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=66"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=66"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/ppcc5\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=66"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}