{"id":722,"date":"2021-11-30T18:31:46","date_gmt":"2021-11-30T18:31:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/?post_type=back-matter&p=722"},"modified":"2021-11-30T18:31:47","modified_gmt":"2021-11-30T18:31:47","slug":"glossary","status":"publish","type":"back-matter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/back-matter\/glossary\/","title":{"raw":"Glossary","rendered":"Glossary"},"content":{"raw":"","rendered":"
\n
Assyrian Empire<\/strong>:<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A major Semitic kingdom of the Ancient Near East, which existed as an independent state for a period of approximately nineteen centuries from c. 2500-605 BCE.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

amelu<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

In Babylon, an elite social class of people.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Amorites<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

An ancient Semitic-speaking people from ancient Syria who also occupied large parts of Mesopotamia in the 21st Century BCE.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

anthropomorphic<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Having human characteristics.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Ardu<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

In Babylon, a slave.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

A\u0161\u0161ur<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The original capital of the Assyrian Empire, which dates back to 2600 BCE.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Assyrian Empire<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A major Semitic empire of the Ancient Near East which existed as an independent state for a period of approximately nineteen centuries.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

City-state<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Code of Hammurabi<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A code of law that echoed and improved upon earlier written laws of Sumer, Akkad, and Assyria.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

cuneiform<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, impressed on clay tablets.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

cuneiform script<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Wedge-shaped characters used in the ancient writing systems of Mesopotamia, surviving mainly on clay tablets.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Diagnostic Handbook<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The most extensive Babylonian medical text, written by Esagil-kin-apli of Borsippa.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Elamites<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

An ancient civilization centered in the far west and southwest of modern-day Iran.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

En\u016bma Anu Enlil<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A series of cuneiform tablets containing centuries of Babylonian observations of celestial phenomena.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Epic of Gilgamesh<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

An epic poem from the Third Dynasty of Ur (circa 2100 BCE), which is seen as the earliest surviving great work of literature.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

etiology<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Causation. In medicine, cause or origin of disease or condition.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Fertile Crescent<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Also known as the Cradle of Civilization, the Fertile Crescent is a crescent-shaped region containing the comparatively moist and fertile land of Western Asia, the Nile Valley, and the Nile Delta.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Hammurabi<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The south Mesopotamian god that rose to supremacy in the pantheon over the previous god, Enlil.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

ideograms<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Written characters symbolizing an idea or entity without indicating the sounds used to say it.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Kassite Dynasty<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

An ancient Near Eastern people who controlled Babylonia for nearly 600 years after the fall of the First Babylonian Dynasty.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

kudurru<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A type of stone document used as boundary stones and as records of land grants to vassals by the Kassites in ancient Babylonia.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Marduk<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The south Mesopotamian god that rose to supremacy in the pantheon over the previous god, Enlil.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Marduk-kabit-ahheshu<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

Overthrower of the Elamites and the founder of the Second Dynasty of Isin.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

mudbrick<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A brick mixture of loam, mud, sand, and water mixed with a binding material, such as rice husks or straw.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

mushkenu<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

In Babylon, a free man who was probably landless.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Nebuchadnezzar I<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The most famous ruler of the Second Dynasty of Isin, who sacked the Elamite capital of Susa and devoted himself to peaceful building projects after securing Babylonia's borders.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

Neolithic<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The later part of the Stone Age, during which ground or polished stone weapons and implements were used.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

nomadic pastoralism<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The herding of livestock to find fresh pasture to graze.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

pantheon<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

The collective gods of a people or religion.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

pictograms<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A pictorial symbol for a word or phrase. They are the earliest known forms of writing.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

pilaster<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

An architectural element in classical architecture used to give the appearance of a supporting column and to articulate an extent of wall, with only an ornamental function.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

serekhs<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

An ornamental vignette combining a view of a palace facade and a top view of the royal courtyard. It was used as a royal crest.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n

stele<\/dfn><\/dt>\n
\n

A stone or wooden slab, generally taller than it is wide, erected as a monument.<\/p>\n<\/dd>\n<\/dl>\n","protected":false},"author":33,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"back-matter-type":[37],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-722","back-matter","type-back-matter","status-publish","hentry","back-matter-type-glossary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/722","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/back-matter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/33"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/722\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":723,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/722\/revisions\/723"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter\/722\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=722"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"back-matter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/back-matter-type?post=722"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=722"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/his111ppcc\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=722"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}