{"id":73,"date":"2020-04-02T00:32:17","date_gmt":"2020-04-02T00:32:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/chapter\/key-elements\/"},"modified":"2023-04-12T16:35:13","modified_gmt":"2023-04-12T16:35:13","slug":"key-elements","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/chapter\/key-elements\/","title":{"raw":"Key Elements for Notes and Bibliographic Citations","rendered":"Key Elements for Notes and Bibliographic Citations"},"content":{"raw":"<p style=\"text-align: left\" align=\"center\">Notes and bibliographic citations include several key elements which are placed in a specific order depending on the type of source you are citing. Asking the following 4 questions helps to identify these key elements:<\/p>\n\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;height: 191px\" border=\"0\">\n<tfoot>\n<tr class=\"border\" style=\"height: 15px\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Author<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Date<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Title<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Location<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tfoot>\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"shaded\" style=\"height: 15px\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Who?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>When?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>What?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Where?<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 161px\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 161px\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-69\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accphysicalgeology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Writer with an idea types on a typewriter in a room with a bookcase filled with books and a globe.\" width=\"248\" height=\"144\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 161px\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-70\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accphysicalgeology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_-300x214.jpg\" alt=\"12-calendar month images with coloured band and white space for dates organized in a 4 months by 3 months rectangle.\" width=\"202\" height=\"144\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 161px\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-71\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accphysicalgeology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425-227x300.jpg\" alt=\"Stack of fiction and non-fiction books ordered from largest to smallest.\" width=\"109\" height=\"144\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 161px\"><img class=\"aligncenter wp-image-72\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accphysicalgeology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/512px-Internet2-300x241.jpg\" alt=\"Cursor hovers over zoomed in web browser address bar showing beginning of web address.\" width=\"179\" height=\"144\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n&nbsp;\n\nNote that you are not expected to memorize Chicago guidelines. Instead, use available resources (<a href=\"https:\/\/libguides.kpu.ca\/chicagostyle\">Chicago Online Guide<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/ezproxy.kpu.ca:2443\/login?url=http:\/\/www.chicagomanualofstyle.org\/book\/ed17\/frontmatter\/toc.html\">Chicago Manual of Style Online<\/a>, and this tutorial) to help guide you. Over time you will become more comfortable with creating citations yourself.\n\n&nbsp;\n\n&nbsp;\n\nImage Attributions:\n\n\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photo\/1575575\">write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea<\/a>\u201d by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer\/767067\">mohamed hassan<\/a>\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/\">CC0 1.0 International<\/a>.\n\n\"<a href=\"https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photo\/697519\">[Calendar Months]<\/a>\u201d by unknown author is licensed under\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/\">CC0 1.0 International<\/a>.\n\n\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/semplicementeinsieme.blogspot.com\/p\/case-editrici.html\">stack-of-food-books-2<\/a>\u201d by <a href=\"http:\/\/semplicementeinsieme.blogspot.com\/p\/about-me.html\">Cannelle<\/a> is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 International.<\/a>\n\n\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HTTPS#\/media\/File:Internet2.jpg\">512px-Internet2<\/a>\u201d by Fabio Lanari is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA 4.0 International<\/a>.","rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left; text-align: center;\">Notes and bibliographic citations include several key elements which are placed in a specific order depending on the type of source you are citing. Asking the following 4 questions helps to identify these key elements:<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;height: 191px\">\n<tfoot>\n<tr class=\"border\" style=\"height: 15px\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Author<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Date<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Title<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Location<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tfoot>\n<thead>\n<tr class=\"shaded\" style=\"height: 15px\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Who?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>When?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>What?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 15px\"><strong>Where?<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 161px\">\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 161px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-69\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accphysicalgeology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1.jpg\" alt=\"Writer with an idea types on a typewriter in a room with a bookcase filled with books and a globe.\" width=\"248\" height=\"144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1.jpg 2560w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1-300x174.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1-1024x594.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1-768x446.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1-1536x892.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1-2048x1189.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1-65x38.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1-225x131.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2021\/09\/write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea-1575575-pxhere.com_-scaled-1-350x203.jpg 350w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 248px) 100vw, 248px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 161px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-70\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accphysicalgeology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_-300x214.jpg\" alt=\"12-calendar month images with coloured band and white space for dates organized in a 4 months by 3 months rectangle.\" width=\"202\" height=\"144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_-300x214.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_-1024x732.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_-768x549.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_-1536x1098.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_-65x46.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_-225x161.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_-350x250.jpg 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/internet-symbol-colourful-office-business-set-697519-pxhere.com_.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 202px) 100vw, 202px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 161px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-71\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accphysicalgeology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425-227x300.jpg\" alt=\"Stack of fiction and non-fiction books ordered from largest to smallest.\" width=\"109\" height=\"144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425-227x300.jpg 227w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425-776x1024.jpg 776w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425-768x1014.jpg 768w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425-1164x1536.jpg 1164w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425-65x86.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425-225x297.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425-350x462.jpg 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/stack-of-food-books-2-e1260290042425.jpg 1212w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 109px) 100vw, 109px\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 25%;text-align: center;height: 161px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-72\" src=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accphysicalgeology\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/512px-Internet2-300x241.jpg\" alt=\"Cursor hovers over zoomed in web browser address bar showing beginning of web address.\" width=\"179\" height=\"144\" srcset=\"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/512px-Internet2-300x241.jpg 300w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/512px-Internet2-65x52.jpg 65w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/512px-Internet2-225x181.jpg 225w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/512px-Internet2-350x282.jpg 350w, https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/137\/2023\/04\/512px-Internet2.jpg 512w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 179px) 100vw, 179px\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Note that you are not expected to memorize Chicago guidelines. Instead, use available resources (<a href=\"https:\/\/libguides.kpu.ca\/chicagostyle\">Chicago Online Guide<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/ezproxy.kpu.ca:2443\/login?url=http:\/\/www.chicagomanualofstyle.org\/book\/ed17\/frontmatter\/toc.html\">Chicago Manual of Style Online<\/a>, and this tutorial) to help guide you. Over time you will become more comfortable with creating citations yourself.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Image Attributions:<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photo\/1575575\">write-writer-type-machine-creative-idea<\/a>\u201d by\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photographer\/767067\">mohamed hassan<\/a>\u00a0is licensed under\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/\">CC0 1.0 International<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/pxhere.com\/en\/photo\/697519\">[Calendar Months]<\/a>\u201d by unknown author is licensed under\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/publicdomain\/zero\/1.0\/\">CC0 1.0 International<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<a href=\"http:\/\/semplicementeinsieme.blogspot.com\/p\/case-editrici.html\">stack-of-food-books-2<\/a>\u201d by <a href=\"http:\/\/semplicementeinsieme.blogspot.com\/p\/about-me.html\">Cannelle<\/a> is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY 4.0 International.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/HTTPS#\/media\/File:Internet2.jpg\">512px-Internet2<\/a>\u201d by Fabio Lanari is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\/\">CC BY-SA 4.0 International<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":32,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-73","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":60,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/73","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/32"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/73\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":74,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/73\/revisions\/74"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/60"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/73\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=73"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=73"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/chicago\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=73"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}