{"id":476,"date":"2020-11-04T06:32:20","date_gmt":"2020-11-04T06:32:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/chapter\/digestive-integration-of-systems\/"},"modified":"2020-12-22T22:22:10","modified_gmt":"2020-12-22T22:22:10","slug":"digestive-integration-of-systems","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/chapter\/digestive-integration-of-systems\/","title":{"raw":"Digestive Integration of Systems","rendered":"Digestive Integration of Systems"},"content":{"raw":"
\r\n

In addition to serving as a nutritive input for all of the body systems, the digestive system interacts with all of the systems of the body.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Table 1: Body Systems, Support, and Benefits or Effects<\/caption>\r\n
Body System<\/th>\r\nDigestive System Support<\/th>\r\nDigestive System Benefits\/Effects<\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Cardiovascular<\/td>\r\nProvides nutrients for the formation of plasma protein and blood cells; the liver detoxifies blood, produces plasma proteins, and destroys old red blood cells; Hydration levels to help maintain blood pressure<\/td>\r\nBlood vessels transport nutrients from the digestive system to other parts of body; blood supplies digestive organs<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Endocrine<\/td>\r\nStomach and small intestine produce hormones<\/td>\r\nEndocrine hormones help regulate secretion in digestive glands and accessory organs; insulin and glucagon control glucose storage in liver<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Lymphatic<\/td>\r\nProvides nutrients for lymphoid organs; stomach acidity blocks entry of pathogens<\/td>\r\nLacteals absorb fat; Peyer's patches block entry of pathogens<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Muscular<\/td>\r\nProvides glucose for muscle action; liver metabolizes lactic acid buildup after muscle activity<\/td>\r\nSmooth muscle contraction creates peristalsis; skeletal muscles support and protect abdominal organs; Skeletal muscles aid in swallowing and voluntary sphincter control<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Nervous<\/td>\r\nProvides nutrients for neurons<\/td>\r\nNerves innervate smooth muscles responsible for digestive tract movements<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Reproductive<\/td>\r\nProvides nutrients for reproductive organs and fetal development<\/td>\r\nDuring pregnancy, digestive organs are crowded, causing heartburn and constipation<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Respiratory<\/td>\r\nShared pharynx allows breathing through the mouth<\/td>\r\nIn lungs, gas exchange provides oxygen to, and excretes carbon dioxide from, the digestive tract via the vascular system.<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Skeletal<\/td>\r\nProvides calcium and other nutrients for bone growth and repair<\/td>\r\nBones protect and support digestive organs; hyoid bone helps deglutition<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Integumentary<\/td>\r\nProvides nutrients required by the skin, hair and nails<\/td>\r\nThe skin helps protect digestive organs and provides vitamin D for calcium absorption<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Urinary<\/td>\r\nLiver synthesizes urea; digestive system excretes bile pigments from liver<\/td>\r\nKidneys convert vitamin D to its active form, allowing calcium absorption; Urinary water loss influences water available for saliva formation and chime production<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n<\/div>","rendered":"
\n

In addition to serving as a nutritive input for all of the body systems, the digestive system interacts with all of the systems of the body.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Table 1: Body Systems, Support, and Benefits or Effects<\/caption>\n
Body System<\/th>\nDigestive System Support<\/th>\nDigestive System Benefits\/Effects<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n
Cardiovascular<\/td>\nProvides nutrients for the formation of plasma protein and blood cells; the liver detoxifies blood, produces plasma proteins, and destroys old red blood cells; Hydration levels to help maintain blood pressure<\/td>\nBlood vessels transport nutrients from the digestive system to other parts of body; blood supplies digestive organs<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Endocrine<\/td>\nStomach and small intestine produce hormones<\/td>\nEndocrine hormones help regulate secretion in digestive glands and accessory organs; insulin and glucagon control glucose storage in liver<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Lymphatic<\/td>\nProvides nutrients for lymphoid organs; stomach acidity blocks entry of pathogens<\/td>\nLacteals absorb fat; Peyer’s patches block entry of pathogens<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Muscular<\/td>\nProvides glucose for muscle action; liver metabolizes lactic acid buildup after muscle activity<\/td>\nSmooth muscle contraction creates peristalsis; skeletal muscles support and protect abdominal organs; Skeletal muscles aid in swallowing and voluntary sphincter control<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Nervous<\/td>\nProvides nutrients for neurons<\/td>\nNerves innervate smooth muscles responsible for digestive tract movements<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Reproductive<\/td>\nProvides nutrients for reproductive organs and fetal development<\/td>\nDuring pregnancy, digestive organs are crowded, causing heartburn and constipation<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Respiratory<\/td>\nShared pharynx allows breathing through the mouth<\/td>\nIn lungs, gas exchange provides oxygen to, and excretes carbon dioxide from, the digestive tract via the vascular system.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Skeletal<\/td>\nProvides calcium and other nutrients for bone growth and repair<\/td>\nBones protect and support digestive organs; hyoid bone helps deglutition<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Integumentary<\/td>\nProvides nutrients required by the skin, hair and nails<\/td>\nThe skin helps protect digestive organs and provides vitamin D for calcium absorption<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Urinary<\/td>\nLiver synthesizes urea; digestive system excretes bile pigments from liver<\/td>\nKidneys convert vitamin D to its active form, allowing calcium absorption; Urinary water loss influences water available for saliva formation and chime production<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":19,"menu_order":8,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-476","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry"],"part":452,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/19"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":787,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/476\/revisions\/787"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/452"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/476\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=476"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=476"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/bio106\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}