4 Table Of Contents — Physical Geology – 2nd Edition
Contents
- Exceptions to the CC BY Licence
- Acknowledgments
- Preface
- Chapter 1 Introduction to Geology
- 1.1 What is Geology?
- 1.2 Why Study Earth?
- 1.3 What Do Geologists Do?
- 1.4 Minerals and Rocks
- 1.5 Fundamentals of Plate Tectonics
- 1.6 Geological Time
- Summary
- Chapter 2 Minerals
- 2.1 Electrons, Protons, Neutrons, and Atoms
- 2.2 Bonding and Lattices
- 2.3 Mineral Groups
- 2.4 Silicate Minerals
- 2.5 Formation of Minerals
- 2.6 Mineral Properties
- Summary
- Chapter 3 Intrusive Igneous Rocks
- 3.1 The Rock Cycle
- 3.2 Magma and Magma Formation
- 3.3 Crystallization of Magma
- 3.4 Classification of Igneous Rock
- 3.5 Intrusive Igneous Bodies
- Summary
- Chapter 4 Volcanism
- 4.1 Plate Tectonics and Volcanism
- 4.2 Magma Composition and Eruption Style
- 4.3 Types of Volcanoes
- 4.4 Volcanic Hazards
- 4.5 Monitoring Volcanoes and Predicting Eruptions
- 4.6 Volcanoes in British Columbia
- Summary
- Chapter 5 Weathering and Soil
- 5.1 Mechanical Weathering
- 5.2 Chemical Weathering
- 5.3 The Products of Weathering and Erosion
- 5.4 Weathering and the Formation of Soil
- 5.5 The Soils of Canada
- 5.6 Weathering and Climate Change
- Summary
- Chapter 6 Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks
- 6.1 Clastic Sedimentary Rocks
- 6.2 Chemical Sedimentary Rocks
- 6.3 Depositional Environments and Sedimentary Basins
- 6.4 Sedimentary Structures and Fossils
- 6.5 Groups, Formations, and Members
- Summary
- Chapter 7 Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks
- 7.1 Controls Over Metamorphic Processes
- 7.2 Classification of Metamorphic Rocks
- 7.3 Plate Tectonics and Metamorphism
- 7.4 Regional Metamorphism
- 7.5 Contact Metamorphism and Hydrothermal Processes
- Summary
- Review of Minerals and Rocks Mineral and rock review
- Chapter 8 Measuring Geological Time
- 8.1 The Geological Time Scale
- 8.2 Relative Dating Methods
- 8.3 Dating Rocks Using Fossils
- 8.4 Isotopic Dating Methods
- 8.5 Other Dating Methods
- 8.6 Understanding Geological Time
- Summary
- Chapter 9 Earth’s Interior
- 9.1 Understanding Earth Through Seismology
- 9.2 The Temperature of Earth’s Interior
- 9.3 Earth’s Magnetic Field
- 9.4 Isostasy
- Summary
- Chapter 10 Plate Tectonics
- 10.1 Alfred Wegener: The Father of Plate Tectonics
- 10.2 Global Geological Models of the Early 20th Century
- 10.3 Geological Renaissance of the Mid-20th Century
- 10.4 Plate, Plate Motions, and Plate Boundary Processes
- 10.5 Mechanisms for Plate Motion
- Summary
- Chapter 11 Earthquakes
- 11.1 What is an Earthquake?
- 11.2 Earthquakes and Plate Tectonics
- 11.3 Measuring Earthquakes
- 11.4 The Impacts of Earthquakes
- 11.5 Forecasting Earthquakes and Minimizing Damage and Casualties
- Summary
- Chapter 12 Geological Structures
- 12.1 Stress and Strain
- 12.2 Folding
- 12.3 Fracturing and Faulting
- 12.4 Measuring Geological Structures
- Summary
- Chapter 13 Streams and Floods
- 13.1 The Hydrological Cycle
- 13.2 Drainage Basins
- 13.3 Stream Erosion and Deposition
- 13.4 Stream Types
- 13.5 Flooding
- Summary
- Chapter 14 Groundwater
- 14.1 Groundwater and Aquifers
- 14.2 Groundwater Flow
- 14.3 Groundwater Extraction
- 14.4 Groundwater Quality
- Summary
- Chapter 15 Mass Wasting
- 15.1 Factors That Control Slope Stability
- 15.2 Classification of Mass Wasting
- 15.3 Preventing, Delaying, Monitoring, and Mitigating Mass Wasting
- Summary
- Chapter 16 Glaciation
- 16.1 Glacial Periods in Earth’s History
- 16.2 How Glaciers Work
- 16.3 Glacial Erosion
- 16.4 Glacial Deposition
- Summary
- Chapter 17 Shorelines
- 17.1 Waves
- 17.2 Landforms and Coastal Erosion
- 17.3 Landforms and Coastal Deposition
- 17.4 Sea-Level Change
- 17.5 Human Interference with Shorelines
- Summary
- Chapter 18 Geology of the Oceans
- 18.1 The Topography of the Sea Floor
- 18.2 The Geology of the Oceanic Crust
- 18.3 Sea-Floor Sediments
- 18.4 Ocean Water
- Summary
- Chapter 19 Climate Change
- 19.1 What Makes the Climate Change?
- 19.2 Anthropogenic Climate Change
- 19.3 Implications of Climate Change
- Summary
- Chapter 20 Geological Resources
- 20.1 Metal Deposits
- 20.2 Industrial Materials
- 20.3 Fossil Fuels
- 20.4 Diamonds
- Summary
- Chapter 21 Geological History of Western Canada
- 21.1 Geological History of Canada
- 21.2 Western Canada during the Precambrian
- 21.3 Western Canada during the Paleozoic
- 21.4 Western Canada during the Mesozoic
- 21.5 Western Canada During the Cenozoic
- Summary
- Chapter 22 The Origin of Earth and the Solar System
- 22.1 Starting with a Big Bang
- 22.2 Forming Planets from the Remnants of Exploding Stars
- 22.3 How to Build a Solar System
- 22.4 Earth’s First 2 Billion Years
- 22.5 Are There Other Earths?
- Summary
- Glossary
- About the Author
- Appendix 1: List of Geologically Important Elements and the Periodic Table
- Appendix 2: Answers to Review Questions
- Appendix 3: Answers to Exercises
- Links for Print Edition
- Versioning History