{"id":20,"date":"2023-04-12T15:09:15","date_gmt":"2023-04-12T15:09:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/front-matter\/standards-and-conceptual-approach\/"},"modified":"2023-04-12T15:09:15","modified_gmt":"2023-04-12T15:09:15","slug":"standards-and-conceptual-approach","status":"publish","type":"front-matter","link":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/front-matter\/standards-and-conceptual-approach\/","title":{"raw":"Standards and Conceptual Approach","rendered":"Standards and Conceptual Approach"},"content":{"raw":"The Open RN <em>Nursing Pharmacology 2e <\/em>textbook is based on several external standards and uses a conceptual approach.\n<h2>External Standards<\/h2>\n<strong>American Nurses Association (ANA)<\/strong>\n\nThe ANA establishes Standards for Professional Nursing Practice and the Nursing Code of Ethics.<sup>[footnote]American Nurses Association. (2021). <em>Nursing: Scope and standards of practice<\/em> (4th ed.). American Nurses Association.[\/footnote],[footnote]American Nurses Association. (2015). <em>Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements<\/em>. American Nurses Association. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n<ul>\n \t<li>American Nurses Association. (2021). <em>Nursing: Scope and standards of practice<\/em> (4th ed.). American Nurses Association. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/ana\/about-ana\/standards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/ana\/about-ana\/standards\/<\/a><\/li>\n \t<li>American Nurses Association. (2015). <em>Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements<\/em>. American Nurses Association. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>The National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses: NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN Test Plans<\/strong>\n\nThe NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN test plans are updated every three years to reflect fair, comprehensive, current, and entry-level nursing competency.<sup>[footnote]NCSBN. (n.d.). <em>2023 NCLEX-RN test plan<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncsbn.org\/exams\/testplans.page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncsbn.org\/exams\/testplans.page<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncsbn.org\/nclex.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncsbn.org\/nclex.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>The National League of Nursing (NLN): Competencies for Graduates of Nursing Programs<\/strong>\n\nNLN competencies guide nursing curricula to position graduates in a dynamic health care arena with practice that is informed by a body of knowledge to help ensure the public receives safe, quality care.<sup>[footnote]National League of Nursing. <em>Competencies for graduates of nursing programs<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nln.org\/education\/nursing-education-competencies\/competencies-for-graduates-of-nursing-programs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nln.org\/education\/nursing-education-competencies\/competencies-for-graduates-of-nursing-programs<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n<ul>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nln.org\/education\/nursing-education-competencies\/competencies-for-graduates-of-nursing-programs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nln.org\/education\/nursing-education-competencies\/competencies-for-graduates-of-nursing-programs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN): The Essentials: Competencies for Professional Nursing Education<\/strong>\n\nThe AACN provides a framework for preparing individuals as members of the discipline of nursing, reflecting expectations across the trajectory of nursing education and applied experience.<sup>[footnote]American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2021). <em>The essentials: Core competencies for professional nursing education<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aacnnursing.org\/Portals\/42\/AcademicNursing\/pdf\/Essentials-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.aacnnursing.org\/Portals\/42\/AcademicNursing\/pdf\/Essentials-2021.pdf<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n<ul>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aacnnursing.org\/Portals\/42\/AcademicNursing\/pdf\/Essentials-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.aacnnursing.org\/Portals\/42\/AcademicNursing\/pdf\/Essentials-2021.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) Institute: Prelicensure Competencies\u00a0<\/strong>\n\nQuality and safety competencies include knowledge, skills, and attitudes to be developed in nursing prelicensure programs. QSEN competencies include patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics.<sup>[footnote]QSEN. (n.d.). <em>About<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/qsen.org\/about-qsen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/qsen.org\/about-qsen\/<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n<ul>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/qsen.org\/competencies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/qsen.org\/competencies\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>Wisconsin State Legislature, Administrative Code Chapter N6<\/strong>\n\nThe Wisconsin Administrative Code governs the Registered Nursing and Practical Nursing professions in Wisconsin.<sup>[footnote]Wisconsin State Legislature. (2023). <em>Chapter 6: Standards of practice for registered nurses and licensed practical nurses. <\/em>Board of Nursing. <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.legis.wisconsin.gov\/statutes\/statutes\/441\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/docs.legis.wisconsin.gov\/statutes\/statutes\/441<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n<ul>\n \t<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.legis.wisconsin.gov\/code\/admin_code\/n\/6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/docs.legis.wisconsin.gov\/code\/admin_code\/n\/6<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<strong>Healthy People 2030<\/strong>\n\nHealthy People 2030 envisions a society in which all people can achieve their full potential for health and well-being across the life span. Healthy People provides objectives based on national data and includes social determinants of health.<sup>[footnote]Healthy People 2030. (n.d.). <em>Social determinants of health<\/em>. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. <a href=\"https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/objectives-and-data\/social-determinants-health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/objectives-and-data\/social-determinants-health<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup>\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Conceptual Approach<\/h2>\nThe Open RN <em>Nursing Pharmacology 2e <\/em>textbook incorporates the following concepts:\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Evidence-Based Practice.<\/strong> Evidence-based practices are referenced by footnotes throughout the textbook. To promote the development of digital literacy, links are provided to credible, free online resources that supplement content. The Open RN series of textbooks will be updated on a three-year cycle in alignment with the release of updated NCLEX Test Plans.<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Clinical Judgment. <\/strong>Learning activities include case studies written to reflect verbiage by the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model used on the NCLEX-RN. Formative assessments encourage students to recognize cues, analyze cues, prioritize hypotheses, generate solutions, take action, and evaluate outcomes.<sup>[footnote]Dickison, P., Haerling, K. A., &amp; Lasater, K. (2019). Integrating the National Council of State Boards of Nursing clinical judgment model into nursing educational frameworks. <em>Journal of Nursing Education<\/em>. <em>58<\/em>(2), 72-78. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01484834-20190122-03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01484834-20190122-03<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup><\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Cultural Humility.<\/strong> Nurses have an ethical obligation to practice with cultural humility and provide culturally responsive care to the clients and communities they serve based on the ANA Code of Ethics<sup>[footnote]American Nurses Association. (2015). <em>Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements<\/em>. American Nurses Association. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup> and the ANA Scope and Standards of Practice.<sup>[footnote]American Nurses Association. (2021). <em>Nursing: Scope and standards of practice <\/em>(4th ed.). American Nurses Association.[\/footnote]<\/sup><\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Safe, Quality, Patient-Centered Care.<\/strong> Content reflects the priorities of safe, quality, patient-centered care.<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Clear and Inclusive Language.<\/strong> Clear language is used based on preferences expressed by prelicensure nursing students to enhance understanding of complex concepts.<sup>[footnote]Verkuyl, M., Lapum, J., St-Amant, O., Bregstein, J., &amp; Hughes, M. (2020). Healthcare students\u2019 use of an e-textbook open educational resource on vital sign measurement: A qualitative study. <em>Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02680513.2020.1835623\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02680513.2020.1835623<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup> \"They\" is used as a singular pronoun to refer to a person whose gender is unknown or irrelevant to the context of the usage, as endorsed by APA style. It is inclusive of all people and helps writers avoid making assumptions about gender.<sup>[footnote]American Psychological Association. (2021). <em>Singular \"they.\"<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/grammar\/singular-they\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/grammar\/singular-they<\/a> [\/footnote]\u00a0<\/sup><\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Open-Source Images and Fair Use.<\/strong> Images are included to promote visual learning. Students and faculty can reuse open-source images by following the terms of their associated <a style=\"font-weight: 400\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Creative Commons licensing<\/a>. Some images are included based on Fair Use as described in the \"<a style=\"font-weight: 400\" href=\"https:\/\/cmsimpact.org\/code\/open-educational-resources\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Code of Best Practices for Fair Use and Fair Dealing in Open Education<\/a>\" presented at the OpenEd 2020 conference. Refer to the footnotes of images for source and licensing information throughout the text.<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Open Pedagogy. <\/strong>Students are encouraged to contribute to the Open RN project in meaningful ways by reviewing content for clarity and assisting in the creation of open-source images.<sup>[footnote]<a href=\"http:\/\/openpedagogy.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Open Pedagogy Notebook<\/a> by Steel Wagstaff is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a>[\/footnote]<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Supplementary Material Provided<\/h2>\nSeveral supplementary resources are provided with this textbook.\n<ul>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Supplementary, free videos promote student understanding of how to perform procedures.<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Online, interactive, and written learning activities provide formative feedback.<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Critical thinking questions encourage the development of clinical judgment as students apply content to realistic patient scenarios.<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Free downloadable textbook versions are available for offline use.<\/li>\n \t<li>Affordable soft cover print versions are published by XanEdu and available on Amazon and in college bookstores.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","rendered":"<p>The Open RN <em>Nursing Pharmacology 2e <\/em>textbook is based on several external standards and uses a conceptual approach.<\/p>\n<h2>External Standards<\/h2>\n<p><strong>American Nurses Association (ANA)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The ANA establishes Standards for Professional Nursing Practice and the Nursing Code of Ethics.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"American Nurses Association. (2021). Nursing: Scope and standards of practice (4th ed.). American Nurses Association.\" id=\"return-footnote-20-1\" href=\"#footnote-20-1\" aria-label=\"Footnote 1\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[1]<\/sup><\/a>,<a class=\"footnote\" title=\"American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. American Nurses Association. https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/\" id=\"return-footnote-20-2\" href=\"#footnote-20-2\" aria-label=\"Footnote 2\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[2]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>American Nurses Association. (2021). <em>Nursing: Scope and standards of practice<\/em> (4th ed.). American Nurses Association. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/ana\/about-ana\/standards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/ana\/about-ana\/standards\/<\/a><\/li>\n<li>American Nurses Association. (2015). <em>Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements<\/em>. American Nurses Association. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>The National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses: NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN Test Plans<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The NCLEX-RN and NCLEX-PN test plans are updated every three years to reflect fair, comprehensive, current, and entry-level nursing competency.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"NCSBN. (n.d.). 2023 NCLEX-RN test plan. https:\/\/www.ncsbn.org\/exams\/testplans.page\" id=\"return-footnote-20-3\" href=\"#footnote-20-3\" aria-label=\"Footnote 3\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[3]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncsbn.org\/nclex.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncsbn.org\/nclex.htm<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>The National League of Nursing (NLN): Competencies for Graduates of Nursing Programs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NLN competencies guide nursing curricula to position graduates in a dynamic health care arena with practice that is informed by a body of knowledge to help ensure the public receives safe, quality care.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"National League of Nursing. Competencies for graduates of nursing programs. https:\/\/www.nln.org\/education\/nursing-education-competencies\/competencies-for-graduates-of-nursing-programs\" id=\"return-footnote-20-4\" href=\"#footnote-20-4\" aria-label=\"Footnote 4\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[4]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nln.org\/education\/nursing-education-competencies\/competencies-for-graduates-of-nursing-programs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nln.org\/education\/nursing-education-competencies\/competencies-for-graduates-of-nursing-programs<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN): The Essentials: Competencies for Professional Nursing Education<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The AACN provides a framework for preparing individuals as members of the discipline of nursing, reflecting expectations across the trajectory of nursing education and applied experience.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2021). The essentials: Core competencies for professional nursing education. https:\/\/www.aacnnursing.org\/Portals\/42\/AcademicNursing\/pdf\/Essentials-2021.pdf\" id=\"return-footnote-20-5\" href=\"#footnote-20-5\" aria-label=\"Footnote 5\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[5]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aacnnursing.org\/Portals\/42\/AcademicNursing\/pdf\/Essentials-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.aacnnursing.org\/Portals\/42\/AcademicNursing\/pdf\/Essentials-2021.pdf<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) Institute: Prelicensure Competencies\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Quality and safety competencies include knowledge, skills, and attitudes to be developed in nursing prelicensure programs. QSEN competencies include patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"QSEN. (n.d.). About. https:\/\/qsen.org\/about-qsen\/\" id=\"return-footnote-20-6\" href=\"#footnote-20-6\" aria-label=\"Footnote 6\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[6]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/qsen.org\/competencies\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/qsen.org\/competencies\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Wisconsin State Legislature, Administrative Code Chapter N6<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Wisconsin Administrative Code governs the Registered Nursing and Practical Nursing professions in Wisconsin.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Wisconsin State Legislature. (2023). Chapter 6: Standards of practice for registered nurses and licensed practical nurses. Board of Nursing. https:\/\/docs.legis.wisconsin.gov\/statutes\/statutes\/441\" id=\"return-footnote-20-7\" href=\"#footnote-20-7\" aria-label=\"Footnote 7\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[7]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/docs.legis.wisconsin.gov\/code\/admin_code\/n\/6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/docs.legis.wisconsin.gov\/code\/admin_code\/n\/6<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Healthy People 2030<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Healthy People 2030 envisions a society in which all people can achieve their full potential for health and well-being across the life span. Healthy People provides objectives based on national data and includes social determinants of health.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Healthy People 2030. (n.d.). Social determinants of health. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/objectives-and-data\/social-determinants-health\" id=\"return-footnote-20-8\" href=\"#footnote-20-8\" aria-label=\"Footnote 8\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[8]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><a href=\"https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Conceptual Approach<\/h2>\n<p>The Open RN <em>Nursing Pharmacology 2e <\/em>textbook incorporates the following concepts:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Evidence-Based Practice.<\/strong> Evidence-based practices are referenced by footnotes throughout the textbook. To promote the development of digital literacy, links are provided to credible, free online resources that supplement content. The Open RN series of textbooks will be updated on a three-year cycle in alignment with the release of updated NCLEX Test Plans.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Clinical Judgment. <\/strong>Learning activities include case studies written to reflect verbiage by the NCSBN Clinical Judgment Measurement Model used on the NCLEX-RN. Formative assessments encourage students to recognize cues, analyze cues, prioritize hypotheses, generate solutions, take action, and evaluate outcomes.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Dickison, P., Haerling, K. A., &amp; Lasater, K. (2019). Integrating the National Council of State Boards of Nursing clinical judgment model into nursing educational frameworks. Journal of Nursing Education. 58(2), 72-78. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01484834-20190122-03\" id=\"return-footnote-20-9\" href=\"#footnote-20-9\" aria-label=\"Footnote 9\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[9]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li><strong>Cultural Humility.<\/strong> Nurses have an ethical obligation to practice with cultural humility and provide culturally responsive care to the clients and communities they serve based on the ANA Code of Ethics<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"American Nurses Association. (2015). Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements. American Nurses Association. https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/\" id=\"return-footnote-20-10\" href=\"#footnote-20-10\" aria-label=\"Footnote 10\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[10]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup> and the ANA Scope and Standards of Practice.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"American Nurses Association. (2021). Nursing: Scope and standards of practice (4th ed.). American Nurses Association.\" id=\"return-footnote-20-11\" href=\"#footnote-20-11\" aria-label=\"Footnote 11\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[11]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<li><strong>Safe, Quality, Patient-Centered Care.<\/strong> Content reflects the priorities of safe, quality, patient-centered care.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Clear and Inclusive Language.<\/strong> Clear language is used based on preferences expressed by prelicensure nursing students to enhance understanding of complex concepts.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"Verkuyl, M., Lapum, J., St-Amant, O., Bregstein, J., &amp; Hughes, M. (2020). Healthcare students\u2019 use of an e-textbook open educational resource on vital sign measurement: A qualitative study. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02680513.2020.1835623\" id=\"return-footnote-20-12\" href=\"#footnote-20-12\" aria-label=\"Footnote 12\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[12]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup> &#8220;They&#8221; is used as a singular pronoun to refer to a person whose gender is unknown or irrelevant to the context of the usage, as endorsed by APA style. It is inclusive of all people and helps writers avoid making assumptions about gender.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"American Psychological Association. (2021). Singular &quot;they.&quot;\u00a0https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/grammar\/singular-they\" id=\"return-footnote-20-13\" href=\"#footnote-20-13\" aria-label=\"Footnote 13\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[13]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0<\/sup><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\"><strong>Open-Source Images and Fair Use.<\/strong> Images are included to promote visual learning. Students and faculty can reuse open-source images by following the terms of their associated <a style=\"font-weight: 400\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Creative Commons licensing<\/a>. Some images are included based on Fair Use as described in the &#8220;<a style=\"font-weight: 400\" href=\"https:\/\/cmsimpact.org\/code\/open-educational-resources\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Code of Best Practices for Fair Use and Fair Dealing in Open Education<\/a>&#8221; presented at the OpenEd 2020 conference. Refer to the footnotes of images for source and licensing information throughout the text.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Open Pedagogy. <\/strong>Students are encouraged to contribute to the Open RN project in meaningful ways by reviewing content for clarity and assisting in the creation of open-source images.<sup><a class=\"footnote\" title=\"The Open Pedagogy Notebook by Steel Wagstaff is licensed under CC BY 4.0\" id=\"return-footnote-20-14\" href=\"#footnote-20-14\" aria-label=\"Footnote 14\"><sup class=\"footnote\">[14]<\/sup><\/a><\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Supplementary Material Provided<\/h2>\n<p>Several supplementary resources are provided with this textbook.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Supplementary, free videos promote student understanding of how to perform procedures.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Online, interactive, and written learning activities provide formative feedback.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Critical thinking questions encourage the development of clinical judgment as students apply content to realistic patient scenarios.<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400\">Free downloadable textbook versions are available for offline use.<\/li>\n<li>Affordable soft cover print versions are published by XanEdu and available on Amazon and in college bookstores.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"before-footnotes clear\" \/><div class=\"footnotes\"><ol><li id=\"footnote-20-1\">American Nurses Association. (2021). <em>Nursing: Scope and standards of practice<\/em> (4th ed.). American Nurses Association. <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-1\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 1\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-2\">American Nurses Association. (2015). <em>Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements<\/em>. American Nurses Association. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-2\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 2\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-3\">NCSBN. (n.d.). <em>2023 NCLEX-RN test plan<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncsbn.org\/exams\/testplans.page\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.ncsbn.org\/exams\/testplans.page<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-3\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 3\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-4\">National League of Nursing. <em>Competencies for graduates of nursing programs<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nln.org\/education\/nursing-education-competencies\/competencies-for-graduates-of-nursing-programs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nln.org\/education\/nursing-education-competencies\/competencies-for-graduates-of-nursing-programs<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-4\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 4\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-5\">American Association of Colleges of Nursing. (2021). <em>The essentials: Core competencies for professional nursing education<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aacnnursing.org\/Portals\/42\/AcademicNursing\/pdf\/Essentials-2021.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.aacnnursing.org\/Portals\/42\/AcademicNursing\/pdf\/Essentials-2021.pdf<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-5\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 5\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-6\">QSEN. (n.d.). <em>About<\/em>. <a href=\"https:\/\/qsen.org\/about-qsen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/qsen.org\/about-qsen\/<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-6\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 6\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-7\">Wisconsin State Legislature. (2023). <em>Chapter 6: Standards of practice for registered nurses and licensed practical nurses. <\/em>Board of Nursing. <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.legis.wisconsin.gov\/statutes\/statutes\/441\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/docs.legis.wisconsin.gov\/statutes\/statutes\/441<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-7\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 7\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-8\">Healthy People 2030. (n.d.). <em>Social determinants of health<\/em>. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. <a href=\"https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/objectives-and-data\/social-determinants-health\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/health.gov\/healthypeople\/objectives-and-data\/social-determinants-health<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-8\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 8\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-9\">Dickison, P., Haerling, K. A., &amp; Lasater, K. (2019). Integrating the National Council of State Boards of Nursing clinical judgment model into nursing educational frameworks. <em>Journal of Nursing Education<\/em>. <em>58<\/em>(2), 72-78. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01484834-20190122-03\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01484834-20190122-03<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-9\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 9\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-10\">American Nurses Association. (2015). <em>Code of ethics for nurses with interpretive statements<\/em>. American Nurses Association. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.nursingworld.org\/practice-policy\/nursing-excellence\/ethics\/code-of-ethics-for-nurses\/<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-10\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 10\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-11\">American Nurses Association. (2021). <em>Nursing: Scope and standards of practice <\/em>(4th ed.). American Nurses Association. <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-11\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 11\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-12\">Verkuyl, M., Lapum, J., St-Amant, O., Bregstein, J., &amp; Hughes, M. (2020). Healthcare students\u2019 use of an e-textbook open educational resource on vital sign measurement: A qualitative study. <em>Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning.<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02680513.2020.1835623\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02680513.2020.1835623<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-12\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 12\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-13\">American Psychological Association. (2021). <em>Singular \"they.\"<\/em>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/grammar\/singular-they\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/apastyle.apa.org\/style-grammar-guidelines\/grammar\/singular-they<\/a>  <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-13\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 13\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><li id=\"footnote-20-14\"><a href=\"http:\/\/openpedagogy.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Open Pedagogy Notebook<\/a> by Steel Wagstaff is licensed under <a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CC BY 4.0<\/a> <a href=\"#return-footnote-20-14\" class=\"return-footnote\" aria-label=\"Return to footnote 14\">&crarr;<\/a><\/li><\/ol><\/div>","protected":false},"author":83,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"front-matter-type":[],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-20","front-matter","type-front-matter","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/20","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/front-matter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/83"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/20\/revisions"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter\/20\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"front-matter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/front-matter-type?post=20"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=20"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pressbooks.ccconline.org\/accnursingpharmacology\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=20"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}